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Working Time Directive
The Working Time Directive, (2003/88/EC ), is a Directive of the European Union. It gives EU workers the right to a minimum number of holidays each year, rest breaks, and rest of at least 11 hours in any 24 hours; restricts excessive night work; a day off after a week's work; and provides for a right to work no more than 48 hours per week.〔(ClearSky Business - Working hours and rest breaks )〕 It was issued as an update on earlier versions from 22 June 2000 and 23 November 1993.〔formerly Directive 93/104/EC of 23 November 1993〕 Since excessive working time is cited as a major cause of stress, depression and illness, the stated purpose of the Directive is to protect people's health and safety.
==Background==
Like all European Union directives, this is an instrument which requires member states to enact its provisions in national legislation. Although the directive applies to all member states, in the United Kingdom, it is possible to opt out of the 48 hour working week and work longer hours.〔(UK Government - Opting out of the 48 hour week )〕 However, it is not possible to opt out of the other requirements.
After the 1993 Council Negotiations, when the Directive was agreed to after an 11-1 vote, UK Employment Secretary David Hunt said "It is a flagrant abuse of Community rules. It has been brought forward as such simply to allow majority voting - a ploy to smuggle through part of the Social Chapter by the back door. The UK strongly opposes any attempt to tell people that they can no longer work the hours they want."〔The Scotsman, “Britain plans court challenge over limit on working week”, 2 June 1993.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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